3.step 3. Risk Circumstances
Compared with men with BMI? 25 kg/m 2 , the age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis was over four-fold higher in those with BMI < 25 (odds ratio (OR) 4.4 (1.51, ) in age-adjusted model (Table 3). The association between BMI and osteopenia was similar among overweight/obese and normal weight men, although not statistically significant (Table 3).
Both Bmi and you can pounds were correlated which have BMD, and you will BMC signs plus the strongest Pearson’s correlation coefficients was located ranging from weight and BMC in total stylish and trochanter countries and the fresh new weakest of those had been anywhere between Bmi and you may femoral neck BMC. The correlations between age and you can BMD and you will BMC evidence was indeed bad (Dining table cuatro).
The age-adjusted ratio out-of BMD and you will sugar baby dating in Grand Rapids City Michigan BMC variation informed me of the Body mass index and you may pounds are revealed into the Table 5. Weight had a tendency to reveal higher differences in BMD and you can BMC distribution after all the latest read skeletal internet sites as compared to Bmi. This is reflected by the steeper hill (?) of particular linear regression outlines. The greatest difference in BMD and you can BMC delivery searched from the trochanter BMC followed by lumbar BMC for lbs. Lbs is an important predictor out-of BMD and you can BMC type when you look at the earlier Iranian men.
4. Dialogue
In this study, both BMI and weight were associated with BMD, and obesity significantly decreased the risk for osteoporosis in men. These results are consistent with most previous studies, particularly in postmenopausal women, which indicated that lower BMI and weight were associated with lower BMD. Prospective studies found that the early postmenopausal women who have low BMI lose more bones compared to those with higher BMI tertiles [4, 8]. In other cross-sectional studies, however, thinness is related to both osteoporosis and increased fracture risk [10, 11]. Iqbal et al. found that low BMI is a good indicator for referral of women less than 60 years old for measurements of BMD. Similar studies also reported a consistent finding that lower BMI was associated with lower BMD [5, 6, 28]. In a study similar to ours, those with lower BMI were at higher risk of low BMD . The Studies of National Osteoporosis Foundation and others suggested that low BMI should be included in the risk assessment tools for evaluation of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture risk [29–31]. We found that men with BMI < 25 had 4.4 (95% CI 1.5, 12.8) times higher age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis than men with BMI ? 25. In contrast, Steinschneider et al. in a cross-sectional study reported that the correlation between BMD at the femoral neck and BMI was highly positive among postmenopausal women. A hospital-based study conducted in elderly men reported that overweight and obese men were more likely to have osteoporosis and osteopenia . The possible explanation for the discrepancies between these results might be related to populations, research designs, sampling methods, and methodological differences.
The newest components wherein adipose tissue exerts results towards BMD reputation commonly completely obvious. This new putative apparatus advantages regarding adipose tissue having skeletal ethics most likely resides in brand new part many adipokines inside the limbs building work thanks to affect both formation and you can resorption. Has just, limbs might have been experienced an enthusiastic hormonal body organ impacting fat control and you may glucose homoeostasis through the procedures from limbs-derived factors such as osteocalcin and you may osteopontin [23, 34–36]. The new putative crosstalk ranging from fat while the bones comprises an excellent homoeostatic views program in which adipokines and you may particles produced from the osteoblasts and osteoclasts depict the web link away from an energetic bones-adipose axis [34–36]. Obesity is additionally in the BMD from the conversion from androgen to the hormone estrogen , hence enhances limbs bulk in people [38, 39] and you can retains compliment plasma amounts of insulin and you will controlling items together with insulin-such progress grounds-1, leptin, and adiponectin . At the same time, obesity brings cushioning towards cool in case there are a great slide . But not, new components wherein most of these events are present are still uncertain.