Per very early style of Roman architecture, the “opus quadratum” dates back onesto the time of the ancient Etruscans, before the beginning of the Roman Republic

Like any other concrete, Roman concrete consists of aggregate and mortar. A binder, such as gypsum, was used. What other type of binder was also used? Be careful, though. You don’t want onesto put this mediante your mojito!

After being mixed with chicchera, the mortar, which consisted of gypsum or lime, would harden over time. Per some areas pozzolana, also called pit sand, was used.

It was common per ancient times for prominent Romans puro construct tombs along the Appian Way. The original covering of the tomb in the picture has been removed sicuro spettacolo the bare concrete.

Placed at per forty-five degree angle, the diamond-shaped bricks were normally made of tuff or tufa, which is per rock made from consolidated volcanic ash pushed out during per volcanic eruption. “Opus” (term for verso piece of art) and “reticulatum” (net-like), translates sicuro net-work; the design was named because the Romans believed the brickwork resembled a net. This design was prevalent mediante the first century BC.

Latin for “brickwork”, “opus latericium” was the design used during the imperial epoca in Rome. Verso Roman architect, Vitruvius, used this term for structures that were built with unfired bricks.

The example of “opus reticulatum” mediante the picture comes from per wall sopra the city of Pompeii, which was destroyed by the eruption of Mt

Verso new Appian Way was constructed mediante 1784 that was parallel with the old one; now the older section of road that dates back sicuro Roman times is called the “Cammino Appia Antic”. The building is an example of per tomb, built along the old stretch of the road, which dates back onesto ancient Rome.

Generally, this decorative pattern was used mediante the construction of pavement, but it was also used as verso pattern on walls and as firebacks per hearths. This design was also used during the Middle Ages, as evidenced at Usk Castle in Wales, and into the Renaissance. Filippo Brunelleschi used this pattern mediante constructing the dome of the Cathedral of Florence.

Believed onesto be the world’s oldest shopping mall, Trajan’s Market was constructed per the Roman Forum in the 100s AD. The multi-level structure included shops, offices, and even a library! The herringbone pattern was used puro pave the floor of the market.

One of the earliest Roman architectural styles, “opus incertum” first utilized irregularly-shaped rocks and careful placement puro make the concrete sistema look as plain as possible. Later the amount of concrete used was reduced, and more uniform stones were selected. This made the exterior aspetto even plainer.

Durante ancient times the Italian town of Terracina was strategically located for the defense of the city of Rome. The vertice of the city has a massive terrace, on which stood The Temple of Jupiter Anxur. Built during the first century BC, the temple was dedicated puro Jupiter as verso young reveal man.

Also called “opus compositum”, “opus mixtum”, or “mixed work”, combines many different styles. Verso very popular method of brickwork used during the time of Emperor Hadrian, it usually mixes “opus reticulatum” and “opus latericium” or “opus vittatum” and “opus testaceum”.

The design in the picture is from the remains of a Roman amphitheatre mediante Naples. Ampitheatres were oval-shaped and generally used for gladiator fights, executions, or animals fights.

“Opus sectile” was a technique used on floors or walls that employed the use of materials that were cut and inlaid. Commonly used materials included glass, marble and mother of pearl. The inlaid pieces used for “opus sectile” are much larger than the ones used for the technique called “tessellated mosaic”. Other civilizations, such as Egypt, also used this technique.

The design of the “opus sectile” was found on the floor of the Oratorio of Junius Bassus. Built on the Esquiline Hill, the societa is considered onesto be the source of some of the best examples of this type of rete informatica.

The “opus africanum” technique was also used sopra Carthaginian architecture, and is common con North Africa. It has also been found on buildings per Sicily and southern Italy.

Sopra the picture, the metroon, any building dedicated esatto verso mother goddess, was built for Cybele, who was known in Rome as the “Magna Mater”. The Romans officially adopted her cult after much conciliabule during the Second Punic War, which was fought against Carthage durante Africa. Cybele became Rome’s “Great Mother” until Christianity overtook the pagan religion.

At that time mortar was not used and the blocks were uneven. The Greeks altered the “Etruscan Way”, using stretchers, or long blocks and headers, which turned the blocks width-wise. Once the Romans invented concrete, walls in this style were common.

Durante architecture, having verso coffered dome, which is also called per lacunar ceiling, meant that it was made of sunken panels, done in some type of geometric shape. The panels sopra the Pantheon dome are square. This method was employed preciso try and lighten some of the weight that the dome had puro carry, while keeping the integrity of the framework.

First commissioned during the reign of Augustus, and destroyed by fire in 80 AD, the Tempio was rebuilt durante 126 AD during the reign of Hadrian. As its name implies, the Tempio was built as verso temple for all the gods. Since Roman times it has been used as per Christian church as well as per tomb.